Often, intellect is defined as the sum of knowledge, but it is not quite so. Rather, intelligence is related to the child's ability to learn new things. And since he is engaged in the knowledge of the world from the very beginning, the actions of the parents must also be appropriate. Perhaps you will be surprised, but, for example, what teachers call "inborn literacy" depends on how often parents read books to their children in infancy. And not only this ... The development of the intellect of a child at an early age - the subject of publication.
First emotions
A child's child is immediately affected by a whole range of sensations: he feels Mom's warmth, tastes the taste of milk, meets the light of the day, sees bright spots of toys, hears a lot of unfamiliar sounds, smells. On the question of the presence of intelligence in newborns, scientists have so far answered ambiguously, mainly pointing to the reflex nature of infantile reactions. How does a little man get acquainted with the world? The main body of knowledge is the whole body of the baby, especially the mouth. The richer the sensation of the child, the higher his intellect will be. In the meantime, he learns the world around him with his tiny little body and devotes all his time to this, free from the vital processes of survival - sleep and eating. His tummy can hurt, and, barely born, he already knows what pain is. He can feel something like a panic when mom leaves the room, and, barely born, he already knows what fear is. Being tightly swaddled, he wants freedom, and, barely born, he already knows what anger is. The baby learns the world emotionally, concentrating on his inner sensations. All he needs now is a feeling of comfort and safety.
First discoveries
The child is growing, and the first thing you will notice is that approximately two months later he learned to grasp and hold a toy. Everything that is captured by the infant's palm is immediately studied by the mouth. The kid closely follows the moving toy, and, on occasion, can devise its own ways to "get it". For example, not being able to reach the object that interested him, he makes a great discovery: if you pull the sheet on which the toy is lying, it can be in your hands. Such actions of the young inventor are regarded by scientists as the process of the birth of the intellect. Another plus development - the child not only recognizes his mother, he in his own way affectionately appeals to her: "guzzles", expresses his joy, smiling and briskly moving pens and legs.
Actions of parents
• Allow the child to feel, listen, look, smell, touch and try with the mouth and fingers various objects. Let him smell the cooking food, a spring breeze, a burned match, a blooming rose, boiled potatoes, a past shower. Naturally, take care of safety.
• Do not be alarmed if a child pulls a rubber toy, a pacifier, a finger, a rattle in his mouth. He thus calms himself in the absence of his mother, making of these objects "temporary deputy". Specialists even came up with a name for them - "transitional objects." It happens that an old, littered bunny for a baby is dearer than expensive new toys.
• Stay close, it's good if you can carry your baby in a kangaroo or sling. At this stage, physical contact with the parent is still very important, because the child feels the world with all the calf! If he is warm and comfortable, and my mother is near - this is the prevention of anxiety.
• Remember that the child literally "absorbs" the world that surrounds him. Listen together to the music that you like, let dapin bass and mother's gentle soprano sound, let the kid feel the warmth of his grandmother's cheek, feel the fluffy fabric of his mother's dressing gown and cling to the round wooden twigs of the crib. Everything that becomes familiar to the child constructs his world, stable and secure.
The world of a small scientist
The baby was six months old, and a jump in his development is noticeable with the naked eye. The main achievement of the child - he learned to sit. Sitting can get a lot, much to reach. Meanwhile, the baby is interested in an increasing number of objects, and just a rattle is of little interest. It is necessary that it sounded, blinked, played melodies. It is important that you can put toys into each other, string the rings on sticks, add cubes, compare their sizes and colors. It is occupied by the subject itself, which he carefully studies in all possible ways: he tastes, pulls in different directions, brings to the eyes, puts on his head, knocks on the wall, throws, watching the toy with interest and listening to the sounds. At the same time - pay attention - he gets extraordinary pleasure from his activities. According to psychologists, now the child is a "scientist in his laboratory", scrupulously, carefully and truly creative (!) Studying an unfamiliar subject. In addition, the child quite consciously pronounces sounds, sometimes creating his own language. This lesson is so interesting that he often says the sounds solely for the sake of pleasure, and yet again hear their sound.
Actions of parents
• Give the child the most interesting material for studying. Buy toys of different colors, shapes, sizes. It is desirable - sounding. Think about buying pyramids, cubes, molds, matryoshkas, Séguin boards, various versions of the largest lego. Now the development of thinking will go in terms of spatial imagination, construction, study of form. If the toy that the child is studying is very complex, you can play together: show how, for example, you can turn the wheels. But if the child has guessed himself - this is a big step in his development. Now, when he is interested in a toy, he can be left to himself for a while.
• During the lessons do not disturb the baby, do not distract him, allow him to fully develop his game - these are the beginnings of the child's creative abilities. When the toy is fully studied and even somewhat fed up, pay attention to the child's "social aspect" of the studied subject: "And how does the doll eat the kasha?".
• Talk to the baby more often, read poetry to him. Focus not so much on children's as on good literature-with a certain degree of probability this will form the basis of speech, writing, and what one of the teachers will later call "innate literacy."
Young speaker
The next step in the development of the child is the appearance of speech. This happens after nine months. At first this speech is more like a babble, but it is much more meaningful. To utter a word entirely to the child is difficult so far - and it is limited to a part of the word, which, as a rule, is stressed. The machine is "mash"; spoon - "lo", grandmother - "ba" or "baba", give - "yes", etc. In addition, every word invented by the child can have several meanings: for example, "lo" - a spoon, a puddle, lotto, soap. This kind of language is well understood by the mother who cares for the child. And while she works as an "interpreter", everyone understands exactly what is necessary for the child. Another great achievement of the first year of the child's life is walking - by the age of 12 months the child begins to move within the space allocated to him, first with the help of the parent, and then independently. This way of movement opens huge opportunities, expanding the outer world of a close room to the inconceivable limitless imagination of the child.
Actions of parents
• Follow the child. Does the child love water? Buy floating toys, ball, cubes - all in the bath. It's good to give your baby finger paints for the bathroom - bathing will be a huge joy for the baby.
• The child loves to collect and disassemble toys - connect all possible options: bake a cake - let there be a designer from the dough, cut the apple into several parts - before you the "apple" designer.
• Did you notice that the child actively crawls, loves to move around? Create different "playgrounds", the ability to move in a variety of ways: crawl on the carpet in the room, on the inflated mattress, slightly tightened, reach for the ball or soap bubbles, climb over the "mountains" of the rollers from the couch, jump in the "jumper".
• If the child listens to music, sounds - pay attention to the "musical accompaniment" of the child: sing to him, read poetry, suggest listening to the sound of various musical instruments, singing birds. Do not forget, laying the baby to sleep, sing a song, tell a fairy tale, put a CD with good music. Perhaps now the kid does not fully understand the meaning of the tale, but already knows it, how "knows" the sounds of music.
• Do not forget: the worst thing for any person, and for a small one especially, is indifference. Perhaps now your baby has made his own unique discovery, and your joy, your pride in him and the joy of communicating with him is the main, essential need for his development.