This is an inherited nephropathy, which can be caused both by a metabolic disorder in the child's relatives, and by the accumulated mutations that lead to an imbalance of cellular regulatory mechanisms, for him. The causative factor of metabolic nephropathy in children is considered to be the adverse effect of the environment.
The high frequency of pregnancy complications (especially late toxicosis leading to fetal hypoxia) in women whose children have dysmo-metabolic nephropathy confirms the hypothesis that hypoxia is an important risk factor for the development of the disease in the prenatal period of life.
To the increased intake of oxalic acid in the kidneys leads to excessive consumption of foods rich in oxalates, vitamin C. The kidneys produce about 90% of the oxalic acid that enters the body with food. But sometimes the mechanism fails and the kidneys do not cope with the function assigned to them. Currently, there are several important reasons for the development of metabolic nephropathy in children - the reasons can be as follows:
- hereditary metabolic disorders of oxalic acid (with primary hyperoxaluria);
- secondary disturbance of oxalate synthesis;
- disturbance of stability of cyto-membranes of kidney tissue;
- deficiency of vitamin B6.
Oxalic acid is capable of forming insoluble salts with calcium. In violation of the exchange of oxalic acid, even its slight increase in urine can lead to the formation and aggregation (gluing) of crystals of ok-salads. And this has a damaging effect on the urinary tract. The maximum expression of metabolic disorders leads to early development of urolithiasis.
There are no specific clinical symptoms of dysmetabolic nephropathy with oxalate-calcium kristalluria. For the diagnosis is necessary a thorough medical history and clinical and laboratory examination. Already at the first questioning of parents it turns out that the child often has a stomach ache, there are signs of cutaneous allergosis in the form of dermatitis, rashes. In the analysis of urine, the presence of leukocytes and blood is noted, as well as a significant precipitate in the form of crystalluria.
Diet with metabolic nephropathy in children
Exchange nephropathy in children is more often detected by chance, in early preschool years. The basis of treatment is the correction of nutrition, the presence of drug therapy and diet. However, a radical remedy for the enhanced biosynthesis of oxalates has not yet been found. The diet is hypooxalic, the so-called cabbage-potato. What restrictions does it dictate in the child's diet?
You can not:
- products with a high content of vitamin C and oxalic acid - peas, beans, beans, beets, radishes, radishes, lettuce, sorrel, spinach, parsley, dill, dog rose, currant, citrus;
- calcium-containing products: cheese, cottage cheese, cocoa, strong broths, meat and canned fish.
It is possible in a limited number:
- cereals, flour, pasta;
- butter, milk, dairy products (except for cottage cheese and cheese);
- egg, boiled meat and fish, boiled sausages;
- tomatoes, onions, corn.
Can:
- all melons, potatoes, cabbage, cucumbers;
- bananas, apples (except antonovki), pears, plums, quinces, peaches, apricots;
- strawberries, strawberries, cranberry juice;
- mineral water "Smirnovskaya", "Slavic", "Bjni", "Naftusya".
In addition to dietary activities, it is very important to drink a lot, especially in the evening, when the urine is more concentrated, which creates the conditions for the crystallization of various salts in the kidneys. Recommended decoctions of leaves of cranberries, cherries, flaxseed, pear leaves and bark, fruit drinks of various berries of pale color, alkaline mineral water. In drug therapy, vitamin B6 is used in large doses, as well as vitamins A and E. Medication should be repeated once a quarter.