Thermal shock is a condition that results from overheating of the body due to a prolonged influence of high ambient temperatures. Thermal shock is easily amenable to newborns and children of the first year of life, as well as people of advanced age. This condition can be dangerous for the life of the victim, so it is important to know how the first aid is provided for heat strokes.
The reasons for overheating can be high air temperature, very warm clothing made of artificial material, physical stress, etc. All this prevents evaporation of moisture from the body surface or leads to a lack of moisture in the human body, especially if it does not drink much.
Overheating is always accompanied by lethargy, deep fatigue, dizziness, headache, drowsiness. Obvious symptoms are shortness of breath, an increase in body temperature to 40 degrees. It is necessary to quickly eliminate the causes of overheating, otherwise there will be a heat stroke, the face will become pale, the skin will begin to sweat and the person will lose consciousness.
First aid for heat shock
The purpose of first aid is the elimination of heat effects on a person and the cooling of his body. To do this, you need to help the victim go to a well-ventilated, shaded room.
It is necessary to remove clothing from a person, which makes it difficult for him to breathe and interferes with the cooling of the body. The victim should take a horizontal position or sit on a chair, leaning on the back. The patient should be given validol under the tongue, mint drops or candy to facilitate breathing and general well-being. Due to the high probability of vomiting, you need to remove the dentures from the victim. The patient should drink at least one liter of salted water in several doses. Wet the body of the affected person with water, this will help cool it down more quickly. If possible, wrap the person in a wet sheet or water a towel and wrap his head in the form of a turban. Moisten the patient's clothing and open areas of his body to quickly lower body temperature.
Providing first aid for heat strokes, control the breathing of the victim, the consciousness, the work of his heart. Blue skin and shortness of breath testify to suffocation, then hurry to make artificial respiration.
Often overheating provokes abundant vomiting. First aid should then be aimed at preventing vomiting from entering the respiratory system. To avoid this, place the person in a position where the head is above the body and lies on its side.
After first aid, call an ambulance. The severe consequences of a heat stroke are swelling of the lungs and the brain. Be sure to call an ambulance if the victim suffers from chronic illnesses, since a heat stroke can trigger a stroke, etc.
You can not in any case give the patient to drink very cold water, carbonated drinks and of course, alcohol. Do not rub the skin with redness, it will exacerbate burns. Do not pierce the swollen blisters on the surface of the skin. Do not need to immerse the patient in water unattended.
Intensive therapy with heat shock
Heat stroke is hyperthermia, which requires rapid adequate treatment. Any delay can lead to irreversible changes in the tissues of the brain. First, you need to expose the body of the victim, and in the area of passage of large vessels to attach ice or containers with ice liquid.
Intramuscularly injected 2.5% solution of diprazine in a volume of 1-2 ml (pipolpene) or a 0.5% solution of diazepam 1 ml (seduxen, Relanium). This will prevent muscle trembling with gradual warming. It is shown that trembling can increase hyperthermia.
Intravenous patient is administered a 25% solution of analgin in a volume of 1-2 ml.
Severe hyperthermia is eliminated by the administration of neuroleptics included in the composition of lytic cocktails, among which non-narcotic analgesic, sedative, antihistamines, neuroleptic. Assign a dropper of 0.9% saline or other saline solution. For the first 3 hours, inject up to 1 liter of the solution, correcting the level of K + , Ca ++ and other blood electrolytes.
The fall in cardiac activity is stopped by cardiac glycosides such as digoxin (0.025% rr 1ml) or by inhalation of isadrin.
Carried out inhalation with oxygen.