How to get rid of skin pigmentation?

The orange sun, the brown skin ... is spotty brown, and not the uniform dark tones. Yes, yes, we mean pigmented spots, which are often found for the first time after the active ultraviolet season. If we prevent them from appearing, we will think how to get rid of them. The basis of hyperpigmentation is the excessive formation of melanin - a pigment that determines the color of not only the skin, but also the eyes and hair of a person. The benefits of melanin are indisputable: it is our natural filter, reflecting attacks of solar radiation and preventing the development of various, including the most severe cutaneous neoplasms. Why does the melanin sometimes become larger than it should be, and he declares himself in such an impartial way?

Who is to blame ?
It is known that the appearance of pigment spots can be caused by excessive insolation. However, the sun is not always the only and primary trigger mechanism for such changes. Important are: genetic predisposition, physiological causes, for example, biological aging, internal pathologies, say, disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, diseases of the female sexual sphere, immune and endocrine discomfort. Hyperpigmentation is a side effect of taking certain medications, "afterword" left by the transferred dermatitis, insect bites. And sometimes the consequence of emotional stress ... Therefore, before proceeding to eliminate pigmentation spots, it is necessary to establish the nature of their origin.

The approach to the problem of skin patch is thorough only when you are not limited to a visit to the aesthetic clinic, albeit with a wide range of corrective techniques in the arsenal. Let's not forget that the latter work exclusively with external manifestations of deep failures. The true responsibility for beauty and health obliges you to act more thoughtfully. Do not be lazy to visit an endocrinologist, gynecologist, gastroenterologist. A survey of these specialists will reveal the internal cause of the defect and avoid relapses in the future.

To prevent the appearance of pigment spots, insolation should be avoided and sunscreens should be used for a certain time before and after the skin-whitening procedures, any kind of peeling, plastic surgery, laser hair removal of open areas of the body, cosmetic injections.

Methods for getting rid of pigmentation

Chemical peeling
Chemical peeling with alpha hydroxy acids, glycolic or trichloroacetic acid, retinol is a procedure that can cope with hyperpigmentation or level out its manifestations. The course of treatment takes about three months. The result is composed of several components. This is the nature of the chemical agent and the depth of its penetration, the competence of the cosmetologist and the caution with which he works in such a harmless technique. Finally, proper post-procedural care with ultrasound protection from ultraviolet rays as the main aspect. To treat peelings should be taken with all seriousness. The payment for insufficient professionalism of the doctor or light-mindedness of the patient is post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.

Photothermolysis
Melanocytes, or skin cells that produce the pigment melanin, are located in the epidermal layer, on the border of the epidermis and dermis. Normally they provide us with protection from ultraviolet radiation. The influence of a number of unfavorable factors can provoke the penetration of melanocytic structures into the dermis, which leads to a violation of pigmentation and diseases such as melasma. For a long time, the main methods of removing pigment spots were chemical peeling and continuous laser resurfacing. However, such an approach, in which the top layer of the epidermis is completely removed, requires very careful skin protection from ultraviolet radiation. In addition, as a response to the course of traumatic procedures, the activity of melanocytes, on the contrary, may increase. Thus, a vicious circle turns out: the result of the struggle with pigment spots is an even more pronounced hyperpigmentation ... To date, the most advanced solution to this problem is fractional photothermolysis. During the procedure, the upper layer of the skin is practically not damaged. The laser beam purposely penetrates into the zone of occurrence of melanocytes-derma. The skin retains its barrier functions, and the work is only with the old damaged cells: they are removed, and in their place new, full-fledged ones appear. Melanocytes do not like it when they are often "touched". Therefore, in one session it is permissible to process not more than 20% of the area of ​​skin to be corrected. To achieve success, it usually takes three to four sessions at intervals of one and a half to two months. Along with the hardware effect in the treatment of hyperpigmentation, ointments and creams with tyrosinase blockers, an enzyme responsible for the synthesis of brown pigment, are used. Assign and intake of antioxidants. The approach to treatment should always be complex individual.

Hardware effects, such as photo and laser therapy, unlike peelings are more controlled, and the effect of their application is more predictable. Although we emphasize that the merits of the method can not be considered separately from the level of preparedness, the experience of the doctor. Whatever enthusiastic feedback is awarded to this or that hardware invention, in the hands of an amateur, it loses its talents.

Injections
In order to get rid of age spots completely and without unpleasant consequences, you need to act within the framework of the beauty program. Of course, fractional photothermolysis and photorejuvenation are effective tools against hyperpigmentation, this is proved by theory and is confirmed in practice. But starting treatment is not right with them, but with injections of hyaluronic acid and platelet-enriched plasma. The first will provide the skin with deep moisturizing, the latter will saturate it with growth factors, significantly enhancing the cells' ability to regenerate. Moreover, the autoplasma preparation is already washing out the excess pigment, significantly improving the skin condition and in some cases even eliminating the need for hardware procedures. However, subsequent hardware therapy has its advantages. It not only completely eliminates pigmentation, but also simultaneously starts the production of collagen and elastin, reduces the depth of wrinkles and pore size, and ensures a firm skin lifting.

Genie from the cosmetic bag
Along with the beauty treatments in the fight against age spots, creams and ointments are actively involved. As part of the appropriate tools often present hydroquinone - a component that slows the process of melanin production and removes accumulated pigment, retinoids - a class of vitamin A derivatives, vitamin C ... Such formulas are really capable of significantly brightening the skin, however, provided long-term use. We list the side effects that can not be ruled out: redness, itching, contact dermatitis, closed comedones, post-inflammatory pigmentation.