Symptoms of pyelonephritis.
Pyelonephritis is a kidney disease in which the kidney tissues are affected by inflammation. As a rule, the infection is concentrated in the interstitial tissue of the kidney and its bowl-and-pelvis system. To better understand the nature of the disease, it is worth considering the device of the kidney.
The interstitial tissue is the connective tissue from which the "carcass" of the kidney is composed. The same tissue is a part of the bowl-and-pelvis system - the place where urine enters before sinking into the ureter. If the inflammation affects the interstitial tissue, the entire tissue of the kidney suffers.
The disease is most often caused by an E. coli, staphylococcus or a mixed microflora. Microorganisms enter the kidney from other foci of infection. The inflammatory process is supported by unfavorable external factors and the presence of anatomical changes in the genitourinary system.
Traditionally, pyelonephritis is divided into acute and chronic. Acute pyelonephritis is characterized by a rapid current. The patient's temperature rises sharply, the general condition is severe, so hospitalization is needed. If you do not make timely treatment, acute pyelonephritis becomes chronic. Although there are cases when chronic pyelonephritis is an independent disease. In such cases, the presence of the disease can not even be guessed, which is a particular hazard during pregnancy. If pyelonephritis is often exacerbated, the kidney function gradually decreases.
Treatment of various kidney diseases is complex. This helps not only to cure the disease, but reduces the risk of its reoccurrence. The leading place in the treatment of pyelonephritis, along with medications, is diet therapy. The choice of diet depends on the manifestation of the disease, the functional state of the kidneys, the stage of the disease and the general condition of the patient.
Nutrition with pyelonephritis.
- Acute pyelonephritis.
At the initial stage, in the first two days, the patient is selected sugar and fruit diet. He is allowed to drink more liquid. Its consumption can reach up to 2 liters per day. The patient can drink with various broths, juices, compotes and a weak sweet tea. It is recommended the consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables, especially those with a diuretic effect.
When the patient's condition improves, for a short time he is put on a dairy-vegetable diet, which must include fresh fruits, vegetables, juices and compotes. Salt in the diet is limited to 2-3 grams per day.
When the patient goes on the amendment, the diet begins to introduce boiled meat and fish, cottage cheese. At the same time, the consumption of strong broths, spicy, fatty and fried dishes is strictly forbidden. They can provoke a new aggravation. To prevent new exacerbations for a year, the diet excludes acute, salted and smoked.
- Chronic pyelonephritis.
Chronic pyelonephritis requires a gentle diet. This means that the diet should completely exclude products that contain extractives. Particular attention is paid to cooking products, as patients with chronic pyelonephritis can consume food only in cooked and stewed.
During exacerbations of chronic pyelonephritis, patients are prescribed the same therapeutic diet as those with acute pyelonephritis. If the patient's well-being improved, and the inflammation has not passed, the food is selected with the exact ratio of the main nutrients.
Proper nutrition for patients with chronic pyelonephritis is replete with various products, but dairy products predominate. Milk has a beneficial effect on the patient's body and has an easy diuretic effect. The presence of special fat allows milk to be quickly absorbed.
Among the indispensable products for such patients is all the sour-milk products. They have a diuretic effect and help to normalize the intestinal microflora, which suffers from prolonged antibiotic intake. Also, do not forget about the cottage cheese, which contains essential amino acids and is well absorbed. You can use sour cream and mild cheese.
Patients with pyelonephritis can eat boiled eggs, low-fat beef, chicken and rabbits. To reduce the amount of extractive substances in meat, it should be filled with cold water during cooking. In doing so, it should be cut into small pieces. Fish can only be used in a boiled form and choose low-fat varieties. Broths are completely excluded, and the first dishes are prepared from vegetables and cereals.
During cooking, the use of vegetable or butter is permissible, but animal fats are completely excluded. The number of acceptable products include cereals, vegetables, fruits, pasta. The amount of salt consumed should not exceed 6 g per day.
Correct medical nutrition is the key to successful treatment and the best prevention of new exacerbations of pyelonephritis.