How many of them - these tests, because they are frightened by almost all future mothers. Actually, there are not many of them. Let's talk about the importance of each study. And about how to properly take tests. Blood is called the universal environment of the body, which is able to "tell" about the state of internal organs and invisible processes. For nine months to pass a common (from the finger) and biochemical (from the vein) blood test you have several times. Blood reflects changes in your body: hemoglobin and the number of red blood cells (red blood cells) decreases, and the number of white blood cells (white blood cells), on the contrary, increases. It is important, however, that these indicators, as well as the level of creatinine and iron, are within the permissible norm. Timely detection, for example, of anemia, can prevent abnormal development of the placenta, congenital diseases of the child and even miscarriage.
Biochemical blood test, and hormones are given up on an empty stomach, until 9-10 am. At least a day should refrain from abundant fatty, spicy and fried foods. Since the last meal, at least 8 hours must pass, and just before surrender you can drink only pure water - tea, coffee and juices. Before giving the general blood test, a light breakfast without butter and sugar is allowed. If you are taking antibiotics, be sure to tell your doctor, since many drugs can significantly distort the performance. Do not donate blood to hormones, if you have a cold, sniff your nose. It is better to wait 2-3 days - the result will be more correct. Results of a biochemical and general blood test will be ready in a day, but the analysis for hormones will have to wait - its results usually become known in 7-10 days.
Among the very first studies - a blood test for the presence of syphilis pathogens, called the Wasserman reaction, hepatitis A, B, and C and HIV infection. You also have to donate blood for antibodies to pathogens of toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus, herpes and rubella. Identifying them at an early stage of pregnancy and timely treatment will avoid many for you, and for the unborn child, and in some cases even keep a pregnancy. Unlike biochemical analysis, blood can be taken at any time of the day, and no special training, including "fasting", is required. The second, no less important analysis is a general analysis of urine. Unfortunately, diseases of the genitourinary system - one of the main causes of pathology during pregnancy. They often cause hospitalization, and the sooner doctors detect bacteria in the urine, the sooner it will be possible to prevent unwanted complications. In addition, the appearance of protein in the urine (especially in combination with swelling and high blood pressure) may indicate a threat of miscarriage, and sugar - about such a formidable disease as diabetes of pregnant women. Urinalysis will need to be taken. Despite its apparent simplicity, the study requires much more serious intervention. His "key" word is sterility. Correctness of results depends on observance of banal rules of hygiene. The first morning portion of urine is collected in a sterile container (they are sold in a pharmacy or are issued in a polyclinic upon presentation of a referral). But you can forget about the diet, although you can not drink before taking the tests.
Vaginal smears on the definition of causative agents of thrush or colpitis are another necessary study. Cleanliness of the vagina is essential in the process of pregnancy. First, a non-cured genital tract infection can lead to premature birth, and secondly, a newborn should not get infected by getting out into the light. In the second and third trimester, you have to do a hemostasiogram - evaluation of blood clotting. Any study increases the chance of a healthy baby. So do not be afraid of these not always pleasant procedures. After all, many of them can save your baby life. Now we know what tests are needed for pregnancy.