Well, types!
The theory of temperament goes back to the teachings of the ancient Greek physician Hippocrates. He believed that "the proportion of the four elements that make up the human body determines the course of physical and mental illness." According to Hippocrates, the leading type of temperament depends on the predominant fluid in the human body (red and black bile, hot blood, cold mucus). In accordance with this, he divided the people into 4 types.
- Choleric (from the Greek chole - "bile") The type of the nervous system: strong, unbalanced, mobile Positive features: activity and vigor, intelligence, determination, determination, perseverance and sociability, persuasive speech Negative features: instability of the nervous system, incontinence and quick temper, aggressiveness, rancor, frequent change of mood, authoritarianism.
- Sanguine (from the Greek sanguis- .rock) The type of nervous and strong, balanced, mobile Positive traits: obviousness and mobility, habituality to new conditions, goodwill, passion for business, sociability, cheerfulness and optimism, expressive speech, leadership. : lack of assiduity and nesobrannost, impermanence and unreliability, absent-mindedness, frivolity in deeds, purposefulness and perseverance.
- Phlegmatic (from Greek phlegma - "mucus") Type of nervous system: strong, balanced, inert Positive traits: ability to concentrate, tolerance and resistance to stress, peacefulness, discretion, commitment, purposefulness Negative traits: passivity, lack of mobility, inertia , inability to make decisions, stubbornness and conservatism.
- Melancholic (from the Greek melas - "black", chole - "bile") Type of nervous system: weak, unbalanced, inert. Positive features: high sensitivity and ability to sympathy, cordiality and softness of character, goodwill. Negative features: extreme vulnerability and shyness, lack of confidence in oneself and their actions, understated self-esteem, isolation, inertia and excessive passivity.
Shall we figure it out?
Temperament is a genetically conditioned quality, but its pronounced manifestation begins only from the moment of becoming a person in a social environment (by 3-4 years). Usually in each of us there are all four types. The main thing is to determine the leader. It is on its basis is the formation of character and behavior.
- Choleric
His main principle is "I want everything at once!" Frequent mood swings and inherent emotional instability are the main signs of a choleric person.
♦ In the earliest childhood, the choleric temperament manifests itself in an incessant scream for any occasion and without it. The whole fault is an unstable and unbalanced nervous system.
♦ Choleric children quickly get bored all over, their psyche constantly requires new impressions and discoveries, thus prompting a high activity.
♦ It is an irrepressible mischief-maker and scoundrel, constantly arranging scandals and quarrels. He often tries to impose his opinion on others.
♦ Speech jerky, fast, with the swallowing of individual words, but expressive and emotional. Movements are swift, sharp, energetic.
♦ New information is easy to absorb, but quickly forgets everything. Easily adapts to an unfamiliar environment.
♦ Has a tendency to play on the public, needs viewers, from whom waiting for approval. The circle of his acquaintances is wide, while he plays with some, and discusses problems with others.
♦ Considers that his opinion is the only true one. He does not know how to tolerate, wait and hold his emotions.
♦ He falls asleep with difficulty.
♦ For any punishment, it is answered by closeness or aggression.
Your actions:
♦ channel the energy of the child in the right direction, help find an interesting hobby or passion;
♦ Do not overexcite the nervous system of the baby;
♦ alternate moving and active activities with calm pursuits;
♦ nurture assiduity;
♦ Explain to the child that it is necessary to bring the case to the end;
♦ Do not shout, do not allow rudeness;
♦ Use explicit language in your child's requests;
♦ Do not provoke outbreaks of child aggression and anger. In such cases, behave in a balanced manner, calmly explain to the child that he only aggravates his behavior;
• make sure that the kid is aware that his opinion is very important to you;
• Take the child in sports: swimming, tennis, athletics. So the irrepressible energy of the choleric will be directed to physical development, and excessive aggression - to achieve a high sporting result.
- Sanguine
His main principle is "I believe you, and you tell me?" The sanguine child is friendly, cheerful, but rather compliant and reasonable.
♦ Sociable and talkative sanguine adores new people and new places, easily gets acquainted.
♦ Visible carelessness of sanguine people is based on natural luckiness and giftedness. It is among the people of this type that most travelers and adventurers are.
♦ They are carried away by everything new and unknown. The child is ready to deal with everything at once, often not paying attention to the quality of performance. He often throws a case, not having finished, nevertheless, easily and quickly assimilates the information.
♦ Activity and goodwill are manifested in children only if they like others. They inherent narcissism.
♦ The child-sanguine easily compromises, easily experiences failures. Without problems, joins any team and adapts to an unusual environment. The sanguine speech is expressive, coherent, correctly delivered.
♦ Fall asleep without superfluous coaxing and sleep, as they say, without hind legs.
♦ For punishment, the child reacts calmly, without excessive grudge and a tendency to conflict.
Your actions:
• The main thing is to teach the child to keep his promises and keep his word;
• Watch the behavior and actions of the baby, do not be lazy to remind him of unfinished business;
• monitor the progress of work, pay attention to the child's quality and accuracy of actions;
• Find a toddler's occupation;
• With a sanguine child, one should be very cautious and moderate in praise, in case of inflection with compliments, such children quickly develop a tendency to overestimate self-esteem;
♦ Do not try to be too serious. Preferably the principle of equal communication;
♦ Try to set concrete and understandable goals for your child. Your baby should always have a choice in finding approaches to solving the tasks assigned to him;
♦ carefully choose the sport and passion for your baby - in the first place it should be interesting and exciting for him. Optimal sections on team sports and theatrical circles.
- Phlegmatic person
His main principle is "I'll do everything, only later! Phlegmatic children are distinguished by stability and stubbornness. It is almost impossible to convince him.
♦ Such a child is always unperturbed and calm. The presence of other children for him is not mandatory.
♦ In relation to food and change in habitat, babies show conservatism. They get used to it very long and reluctantly try new dishes, hardly fall asleep in the new environment. Hardly adapt to the kindergarten.
♦ Mean words and actions. It is difficult to enter into social contacts. Carefully choose your friends.
♦ Feelings of phlegmatic are stable, permanent, but even. Passion, ardor, anger, jealousy - all these qualities lead the kids into confusion and cause only confusion.
♦ Such a child inherently though not fast, but qualitative remembering, assiduity, laboriousness, endurance, it is adapted to monotonous and monotonous actions. Often in school, these kids are called zubrilkami, they all do slowly and thoroughly.
♦ Phlegmatic children are not leaders, they do not like making independent decisions. At the same time they are very meticulous and persistent. They do not change their decisions, they are very stubborn.
♦ Phlegmatic people do not know how to lie and be tactful, because of this they often find themselves in embarrassing situations.
♦ Kids are very friendly and peaceful, try not to enter into conflict situations and, if possible, withdraw from the fight. They do not like to argue and debate.
♦ Prefer to pre-calculate all the moves and exits. For the upcoming events are prepared for a long time, tuning in to the action and constantly postponing everything for later. Everyone does it at the last minute, often because of this it turns out somehow.
♦ The phlegmatic child's speech is unhurried, quiet, without gestures and facial expressions. In a conversation, he rarely uses epithets, his words are simple and often repeated. Krosha falls asleep quickly and calmly, but does not wake up at once. To recover, he needs time, during which he goes dissatisfied.
Your actions:
- in the education of the phlegmatic one needs to focus on the tempo that is peculiar to your baby. Typically, these children need a little more time to complete the tasks. Be patient, do not rush the child;
• At the same time do not allow the crumb to postpone business for later, teach him to rationally use his time;
• do not put before the baby goals and tasks that require speed and speed, do not force him to compete with more active or older children;
• Never scold crumbs (especially in public) for excessive caution or slowness;
• Encourage the child's interest in any mobile games, physical activities and hobbies, more often praise him;
• Do not allow your child to sit up for hours, ask him to take breaks or change the direction of his classes from time to time:
♦ Accustom the child to make independent decisions, keep this word and take the initiative into their own hands;
♦ try to instill in your child the skills of communication in the team - visit development courses, a kindergarten, often walk on the playground;
- Melancholic
His main principle is "I'm not fun, because I'm sad!" Shyness, shyness are the basic properties of a character.
♦ In early childhood, this is expressed in the development of such qualities as tearfulness, affection, cowardice. In the future, they are added shyness, resentment, vulnerability.
♦ Because of the high instability of the nervous system, the baby is upsetting and tripping any small thing.
♦ With melancholics, you need to be gentle, calm, attentive, control your words and actions. Tears in such children - an obligatory attribute, they are accompanied by any of their grievances. The range of experiences - from hysteria to causeless.
♦ These kids develop emotional character traits, which is manifested in responsiveness, compassion, sentimentality. Children are vulnerable, they endure any shocks for a long time.
♦ These are real cowards, they are afraid of everything. They are not sociable and adapt hard to the new team. Not leaders, they often become locked in themselves.
♦ Punishment is perceived as a tragedy. Even at such a young age, this can lead to an imbalance in their psyche. The little melancholic is very wary of all the changes. In new, especially non-standard situations is lost, a lot of fussing, trying to go into the shadows.
♦ In the event of conflicts, his mental and physical abilities are sharply reduced, he, unwillingly, begins to understate his natural capabilities. Remembering new information melancholic is given with difficulty. Because of the distraction of attention, the kid is constantly distracted by extraneous things and can not concentrate on the business started. The melancholy children get tired of any activity - whether it's playing, reading, or physical education. It is because of fatigue that they often change their mood. All week looking forward to a trip to the zoo, but tired during the journey, the melancholy can be whimsical and completely abandon the walk.
♦ Speech in melancholics is quiet, insecure, but literate and rich.
♦ All movements and actions are indecisive and small, as if trial.
♦ Very hard to fall asleep, and wake up with difficulty.
♦ Despite this character, the children of melancholy remain one of the most creative and understanding natures. They are able to listen to not one of your troubles, but they will show true sympathy. They have amazingly delicate taste and good hearing. Of these, art aesthetes will certainly grow.
Your actions:
• The main thing in the education of melancholic children is not to aggravate their frequent tearful mood. When talking to the baby, do not use harsh and degrading expressions. Never scold such a child and do not shout, your mood and high intonations can drive a crumb into a "stupor" or provoke a stressful situation for him;
• the best way to communicate will be frequent manifestations of your love, attention and tolerance, home comfort and warmth;
• Do not skimp on affectionate and gentle words, praise and encourage even minor successes;
• Try to explain to the child as often as possible that the world is not all that gray, as it seems to him. Let's have a reason for laughter, do not focus his attention on sad and tragic events;
• Do not call your baby a crybaby or whiner. Do not scold him in the presence of other children or adults;
• Encourage any manifestation of self-reliance, active action and attempts to make their own decisions. Give the kid simple, easily executable errands;
• when selecting training programs, be guided by the high intellectual abilities of crumbs;
• The child most likely will not become an athlete, so any activities should not be a burden. Most suited lessons in a music or art school.