Educational games for children

Your baby has already crossed the equator of the first year of life - he was six months old and you understand that it's time to work hard with the growing child. Toys and games for the development of children - that's what interests you in the first place: how to take care of your crumbs so that both she liked and the benefits of the occupation brought? Our article will tell you about how to properly develop a baby.

Developing toys and games for children need to be given special attention - after all, with the help of classes you form the basic knowledge and skills of the baby, teach him to perceive the world around him, so is it worth talking about how important these games are?

"Mummy, I love to miss!"

You probably noticed that your baby is already very fond of grabbing everything in the pens - this makes him look like an adult! If earlier your communication and games were based on an exclusively emotional beginning - now it has moved to the background, you can observe this transition yourself - the kid will show you the interest in new games.

Surely you have tried many times, taking your eight-month-old baby into caring mother's hands, to smile at him radiantly and tell you about your love. Most likely, the reaction of the crumbs to such behavior was unequivocal: he resolutely pushed his mother's hands away and began to grab hold of his tiny fingers with everything that his hands could reach. In the course go and your hair loose, and the bright collar of a home blouse, and beautiful large beads, and, of course, shiny gold earrings. No, we do not deny the need for crumbs in communicating and caressing our beloved adults - we simply focus on the fact that the world around him is interested in much more than the beloved mother studied to the "holes". And, believe me, he will much more happily look at you when you show him puppet shows than just listen to the tender tirade that you dedicate to him.

For children from 6 months and older there is nothing more interesting than the games in which they and parents participate. And if the kid does not see around himself those objects with which he could play, then he will require from you other activities - for example, to play with him in the goat-tree "or something else familiar to him. And if some three months ago you did not even know about developing games and toys, only rattles were recognized, and your baby was soothed by gentle whispering, now he wants to play alone or with you, with his parents. That is, you will almost always be in search of new entertainment, games and toys for your crumbs. However, that's exactly how he perceives you: Mom and Dad are people who bring me toys and amuse me, spend free time with me.

Since six months the reflex of grasping at the baby is more and more evident, which helps him to look at the world in a different way. You probably already noticed that wherever your baby turns out to be - he will certainly find an object that he will want to grab and touch, taste, and poterbit. You put him on a chair for feeding and try to treat his favorite porridge, and instead of eating hard, he turns around. And God forbid that something will fall into his tenacious fingers - the food will be forgotten in a moment, and the new subject will entice the baby completely. When a crumb is played - most likely, the toy just flies to the floor. Do you think this is stupid and meaningless? Well, you are not an infant and will find your entertainment, but your child's games are very enjoyable - you can believe it! But do not think that the craving for grasping objects is just fun for the baby. It is after the child reaches the age of six months that a new stage in his development begins - he seeks to manipulate all those objects that come to his eyes, develop his thinking, the child becomes much more active. In addition, it is these developing games that help him understand: what to do, how to deal with this or that subject?

"Mom, do you know how to play with me?"

The kid learns to handle objects gradually, and initially his actions towards them are standard. Picking up something, the child will touch it, touch it well, start shaking and take it in his mouth, or maybe just throw it away, watching as the object falls. Child psychologists call this kind of a set of simple actions "nonspecific", because children do not care what lies before them: a large enamel pan or soft cube - they produce the same thing with all the items. It is because of this monotony that the baby starts quickly switching from toy to toy - it is not interesting to perform the same action with the same object.

At the same time, not only a set of movements develops, but also the movements of grasping, the process of manipulation of the toy in the child. After all, until six months old the kid tries all the objects to which he can reach, grab exactly the same, regardless of the shapes and sizes. He presses the tiny fingers to a soft palm, trying to grab the whole object. The child still can not accurately calculate the trajectory of the hand and the distance to the object, he tries to get the toy he is interested in not directly, but as it were "along the loop," and it often happens that he does not hit and misses.

But it is from six months and older that the baby begins to subconsciously develop all these processes of getting and grasping, manipulation. But, naturally, he himself can not develop - he needs to be directed by adults with his examples. Therefore, developing games and toys are so important at this stage in the life of children. After all, no toy and no object can help a child develop their skills, if they are not helpful to the crumbs of his parents.

What can help you and the baby to develop more precise coordination of his timid movements? Get an object that has long been interested in your baby, put it in front of him, and when the child tries to get the object, shift it to another place. Change the position of the toy constantly - and you will notice how the baby more and more precisely changes and improves his movements. Move the object back and forth, on the sides - let the kid understand that everything can move and that he also needs to make efforts to "catch up" running away from him toys. Only do not overdo it - if you notice that the kid has lost interest in his studies, stop them - let him rest.

You probably noticed that up to six months your baby's fists are often tightly compressed. Therefore, you need to help open the handle and adapt to toys and objects that have different sizes. The very development of grasping movement helps the child's fists gradually and timidly unclench, but you still need to help him a little. It's very simple - you should stock up on several items that are different in size, and put these toys in the palm of the baby, that is, you have to introduce it to the concept of "big" and "small". Make sure that the child grabs properly - the thumb should be a bit distant from the rest. You will notice how, after such games, if they are permanent, the kid will begin to change the position of the palm, depending on what object you give him. Round child balls immediately grab a spread out fist, but a thin thread gently takes the tips of his fingers. That is, with your help the kid will learn to compare the information that his eyes (about the size of the object and the distance to be overcome) with the movement of the pens.

The next stage in learning to "manage" your own pens is the skill to take objects with both hands. First he will take a ball in two hands, and then - two balls, one for each palm. For him, such actions are a curiosity, he never tried to manipulate two objects at the same time - and the skill is very important, because the kid will need to make more effort, forcing both hands to work for one purpose. To help the child learn how to act with both hands, offer him two spoons or rattles - let him knock on each other. And then the little one will try to carry out with another two objects a different set of actions: bring them closer, put them away, put them on top of each other, put them or string them all over something. As a result of such simple movements, the child learns how to play with two objects at the same time, and devise options for using them. The child will really like such activities!

As you can see, without the help of parents, the baby is very difficult for something to learn and achieve something, because adults and only they can show the child several items and what can be done with them. Only from you baby learns that balls exist to roll them on the floor, and the pyramids need not to gnaw, but to string on a wand that you can untwist a yule, and a soft toy can easily be put in an empty box. And only after the little one has understood how to make this or that action, he will be able to step on the next step of development: you will teach him that every toy requires a certain treatment and a set of actions that are applicable to it.

"Mommy, give me a rattle!"

You probably have a lot of rattles at home - some of them you bought right after the birth of the baby, others were given to you by friends. You easily entertained your crumb with the help of "tarakhtilok" for the first six months, and now you think that they are hardly useful and will be of interest to the baby. You are mistaken: up to a year there is nothing better for a baby than a bright rattle. It will not only divert the child from crying, but will also help in development.

Indeed, it is with the help of a rattle that a child can see firsthand the result of the action he performs. He shook his hand - and there was a pleasant sound, colored balls rolled along the transparent plastic, rustled something. And the kid realizes that all these changes in the world around him were caused by the movement of his hand. The child really likes such metamorphosis - I want to repeat them again and again. Here's the benefit of a rattle: the baby only extracts the sound from the toy, and as a result learns to be independent and evaluate its possibilities. In addition, this entertainment will allow him to learn how to coordinate movements and reproduce them in an absolutely arbitrary manner.

Toys-rattles should be chosen according to the principle: the more vividly it cracks, the more colorful it looks - the more it will please the child. It is best to choose rattles with a thin elongated handle or ring-shaped holder - these fit very conveniently in a small cam. What is remarkable is that your child does not care at all what a rattle is. Who is depicted on it: a cat or a bear cub? What color are they? The main thing is that this toy produces sounds as a result of the actions of the baby. However, take care that the fun does not scare the crumb with its ridiculous appearance or the noise that it produces does not seem too loud and frightening to him. And, of course, do not buy massive, heavy toys - because the kid is still so weak, he is just developing, and he might just not be able to take this or that toy in the handle.

Naturally, not only rattles can show a child some result of the action. After all, he can only lightly move the handle, pushing a plastic cup or squeezing a rubber toy in his pen, bringing the beads to the face of his mother's hand - that's the result! Excellent help the baby to measure his strength toys-pishchalki of rubber. It's worth to squeeze - and a subtle funny sound is heard that drives the child to the same actions. At the same time, this kind of fun develops actions to "unclench", "squeeze".

But already closer to the end of the first year of life, the kid can realize not only what direct results this or that movement causes, but also what indirect ones can be. For example, if you pull the chain, then you can pull up the pacifier with which it is connected. Or if you lift the handset and attach it to your ear - you can hear a distant buzzer. Of particular interest is the baby's remote from the TV. It's so interesting: you push the button here, and the box lights up there! The child is very interested in playing with such subjects - and he tries to do it more often.

"Mommy, and this toy will help develop my thinking ..."

If you think that for the full development of the baby you will require a million of the most complicated toys - this is not so. Surprisingly, the most suitable for this are simple subjects that encourage the child to perform simple actions, manipulate themselves. After all, in the future it will be surrounded by just such familiar things - and already now, in the mind of the baby, thoughts should arise and become stronger about the connections that exist between these or those objects, for which they serve in the house and how to treat them. In addition, all these activities, so vital and simple, contribute to laying the foundation for the development of all kinds of thinking of this little man.

When a child reaches the age of eight months, he is no longer interested in only those actions that he can reproduce with this or that subject. He is interested in what gives birth to such actions - that is, the properties of things. It is because of this that the child is so attracted to everything new and unknown, he is drawn to something he did not see before, that he did not touch, he did not take it into his hands. But this does not mean that he is interested: what does the thing represent or what color is it. He is interested in one thing: what can you do with this spoon, with this plate, with this wand.

You can easily determine whether your child is interested in a new subject. If you notice that he puzzles him in his hands, gently probes and twists in different directions, moves and shifts from hand to hand - hence, he looks closely at him. And only after this kind of "sniffing" the kid timidly tries to manipulate the thing, figuring out its true purpose and essence.

So, in the process of studying the properties of the object, the child begins to get used to it and does not consider it a novelty anymore - he has the impression that this thing has always been there. And it is at this tender age that the baby begins to realize that if the mother has removed the rattle in the closet, then the toy has stayed there, and has not disappeared without a trace. And the crumb with pleasure will climb to learn the closet in order to get from the shelf your favorite entertainment. Playing hide and seek, putting toys in various accessible places, with the child is very useful: he will learn how to push drawers and lift up the blanket, climb over obstacles to get hold of the rattle hidden by mom. Such simple activities will not only cause delight in the baby, but will also teach him the understanding that objects always lie in one place, if they are not shifted, and they can not simply disappear so.

Give the child more often to play with small headscarves or small sheets - he will find a thousand ways to use these items: he will cover himself with his head, "hide" from you, try to hide the toy or cover his mother's head, put the handkerchief in an empty box.

At the age of nine months, a kid can easily recognize a familiar subject. And it does not matter - do you keep it upside down, show only a corner from around the corner or show the thing "in all its glory." In addition, the child is able to assess the size of a thing, no matter how far from it it is: directly in front of it, at arm's length or at the other end of the room. In the process of manipulation, use of objects, the child receives such impressions, which will later become the basis for simple forms of his thinking.

Need I say that after six months the age of the baby is called "slider". Not for nothing because the usual homemade crumbs clothes have a similar name. But a crumb can not just take it - and crawl, it needs to be pushed to it. And the ideal incentive to crawl can be just his favorite toy, which you put at a remote distance. If you gently push the ball or round ball, any round toy, touch a tumbler or roll a car forward - the kid will necessarily want to catch up with the "fleeing" object as soon as possible. This is how the crumb begins to crawl, and along with this skill, he comes to realize his own position in space and the possibilities of changing it independently.

If the baby has many different toys and objects - he can quickly and more accurately determine what properties they are endowed with. In particular, he will appreciate their shape and size, approximate weight and color, surface stability and much more. All this will help the child to more accurately adjust the tiny pen to this or that subject, and at the same time the sense of distance that must be overcome to reach the goal and take up the toy will also develop actively. As a result, when the child turns eleven, you will notice that he will barely look around with any object - his pen will involuntarily develop in such a way that it will be more comfortable to grab it. Or you will definitely see how at a time when a crumb is dragging behind a rattle, his fingers constantly change position - which means that he sees the size and the forum of the rattle and understands that the initial position of the handle was wrong and it needs to be changed.

But apart from the fact that developing games with a variety of subjects will help a child determine by eye their shape and size, he will also gradually acquire new movements and ways of manipulating things. Earlier he only held them in his hands and felt them, and now he can throw and watch the fall with curiosity, while at the sound of the blow he determines: a soft toy, or solid, he can understand that this rattle can easily contract in the cam, but this one always remains at the original form. Therefore, it is important that in the arsenal of toys the baby must have different to touch items that will help him enrich the sensory perception. Take a rag and sew it into different cereals: from buckwheat and ending with large peas - such fun will develop the small motor skills of the baby's hands. Do not think that for games with a child you need only those toys that you can buy at the market or in a children's store - home household items like enameled cups and bowls, lids and spoons will also be useful. And in the process of studying, the crumb understands that the lid can cover the object, and a spoon - to knock on it, but on the contrary it is unlikely to work. But the acquired experience so far disappears, as soon as the baby crawls away from the object. This provokes a constant heightened interest in any thing, which at least briefly disappeared from his field of vision.

Also, the second half of the child's life is marked by new ways of manipulating. For example, he understands that this item can be disassembled into several smaller details, and inside this box lies a large button that can be reached. And if you still shake this box, it becomes clear how inside it constantly changes the position of the button. To develop this understanding and skill, you will need complex rattles - for the reproduction of actions with which both knobs of the kid are required. Start with one hand, he holds the rattle for the ground, and the second turns the ball inside it or moves a small bead along the wire "path". Such games, again, help in the development of simple, primary forms of thinking of the baby.

Child development does not stand still - the more you deal with it, the more he can do now and be able to do later. Develop the cognitive activity of the baby - hide in the transparent (first) boxes of bright toys - let them try to get them. Later you can use an opaque box - you just shake it, as the baby hears a sound and understands that something is hidden inside. Give him a bottle half full of water, and he will turn it over and realize that in this situation the liquid from the neck will flow out. Do not be afraid to arrange for him little experiments - this you will only help his rapid development.

Shop shelves today literally burst from a variety of children's products that will help you in organizing useful leisure with the baby. They need to be disassembled and collected, shaken and pushed, moved parts from one end of the game to the other. All this is very exciting even for you - not to mention the child. Here, for example, is a large soft apple. The kid plays with it and unexpectedly reveals its secret - the apple can break up into two halves. And inside the fruit he will find another gift - a small worm that can softly spring when pressed with fingers. Also useful music toys - the button you press - and beautiful music sounds. The kid quickly grasp the connection between these actions, and then you do not drag it away from playing fun.

As you already understood, it is during the period from six months to a year that the development of the baby makes a big leap forward. Just a couple of months ago he only grabbed an object in the pen, and today he is experimenting with everything he can to reach. Your task is simple: help him to know the world, rejoice in new achievements together and him - and everything will be fine! After all, you give him an example, which he will follow with great pleasure.

Drawing conclusions from all of the above, we will summarize briefly: what toys are needed for babies from 6 months and older.

1. Multicolored rattles of all shapes and sizes.
2. Pishchalki from rubber.
3. All kinds of balls and balls, tumblers and, of course, cars.
4. Small light handkerchiefs and pieces of cloth, with which the child will play drunk, covering one by one, then his mother, then the doll.
5. Toys for the development of sensory perception: different by touch, different in shape.
6. Prefabricated and dismountable toys, unpretentious finger labyrinths, buttons, ribbons and zippers from clothes.