While the child is still quite small, he can not work with a pencil or felt-tip pen. Therefore, for the first acquaintance with the world of art, it is better to use paints. The finger is the first and most convenient tool for creativity. It's hard to tell what kind of delight a one-year-old kid feels by running his fingers into a jar of paint and watching with curiosity how bright trickles drip onto the paper, clapping on the colored spots with a palm, smearing the paint on the sheet. And this is not just the first drawing lessons for young children. Games with colors contribute to the development of color perception, sensory and fine motor skills, help to form a coordinated work of the hand and eye ...
Very quickly the kid will understand that bright spots and squiggles that remain on paper are the fruits of his activity, and will try to act purposefully, and this is the beginning of creativity. To games with colors contributed to the further development of fine motor skills, from year to year it is necessary to teach the kid to use when drawing not only with fingers, but also with a brush. Try to choose a large brush as soft as possible. Then cut off her pen, let the child be more comfortable holding it. And the tip is covered with a rubber pacifier, excluding the possibility of wounding with a sharp end. It is convenient to put a separate brush in each jar with paint. So the colors do not get dirty. At first, do not give the child many colors at once. When you dab a paintbrush into the paint - do not forget to call it: "this is a red paint". Repeat this a few more times: "Here's how beautifully Vanya paints with red paint," and so on. A little later, ask the young artist the choice: "What color do you want to take: red or yellow?" A child can be offered a whole box at once, only when he learns easily It should not be forgotten: small children can only buy non-toxic safe paints, only they are specially designed for children's creativity.
A pencil or a felt-tip pen?
To work small chunks, colored pencils and markers to a small child is rather difficult: in order to draw a line, considerable efforts are required, and movements must be more precise and precise. Therefore, start offering them only when the baby is a little mastered with paints and a brush.
Many parents believe that drawing with felt-tip pens is not as useful as paints or pencils. This is not true. Felt-line line is clear and concise, it allows you to create a bright, expressive drawing quickly and without much effort. The smallest buy thick non-toxic markers.
Color pencils and wax crayons for small children usually like less, because they are more difficult to draw. But it is they who maximally contribute to the development of those tiniest muscles and ligaments that are involved in the process of drawing and writing. Giving children a color pencil makes sense closer to two years, when the small motor skills will already be sufficiently formed. Buy pencils with a bright, soft lead. It is very useful to teach the kid to draw with special triangular pencils: this makes it possible to form the correct setting of the hand, which will be very important in the future, when teaching the letter. For the crayons the most important is the brightness of the colors and softness. Try to choose quality crayons, made on the basis of natural wax.
Stages of a long way.
Children's drawing reflects the deep and complex process of knowing yourself and the world around you, becoming a child's personality. Chaotic lines turn into undulating curves, dots and sticks only to two years. The little artist in the head is working hard: he establishes a connection between the movements of the hand and the "squiggles" drawn on the sheet. Experiments become creativity: the crumb begins to realize their works. The cat ran, and it's a big car.
Not far off, and one more discovery: it turns out that the drawn circle looks like a head! And if you just draw the handles, eyes, legs, then a real little man will come out. This is how the "cephalopod" appears, which becomes a very important stage in children's self-knowledge. Gradually the crescendo will acquire hair, fingers on hands, and then the trunk will appear: first just a stick, then a cucumber. Then the girls will dress up the little men, and the boys will give them weapons: pistols, swords and bows with arrows.
Do not ask at this stage why the father turned out without a tummy, and my mother does not have any ears. Remember: the kid does not at all seek to reflect reality. He is working to create his own world, which will gradually become wider and more complex. Closer to three years old the kid feels like a real wizard. After all, only by the wave of his hand a boring album sheet turns into a wonderful country, shimmering with all the colors of the rainbow. Between the earth and the sky - airy lightness, filled with a variety of living creatures: birds, people, smiling cats and dogs.
In the concept of a small child, the picture is not so much a "mapping" of a particular subject as a symbol, the meaning of which is much broader and deeper. That is why the child has in the center of the drawing in the foreground the most important thing for him (his favorite toy, the object of his fears or himself). In general, what is worthy of special attention, drawn more large, stands out in bright colors. So do not be particularly surprised if the kitten your baby dreams about will be taller than mom and bright red.
Is it possible to teach to draw?
To invade the subtle, complexly organized world of children's drawing with our "adult" criteria is not only not necessary, but also dangerous. So we risk breaking the intimate and delicate process of creativity. I draw a child does not need a teacher. He needs an apprentice who will give a new sheet of paper, change water, pencil, listen to a fascinating story, complementing the picture.
If the little one asks how to draw a particular object, do not show ready-made schemes, but suggest to imagine what it consists of, to watch him. As a result, the sketch, which he will make himself, is hundreds of times more original than a frozen, dead template.
Never demand that a child draw in accordance with the canons of academic design: he respected the laws of composition, perspective, color combinations.
You will be surprised, but the coloring pages are very harmful! Children learn ready-made techniques and try to reproduce them in their works, getting used to coloring out ready-made pictures. As a result, drawings immediately lose their immediacy and individuality. Coloring books will be useful for your child, but much later: in preparation for school.
On what to draw?
When the baby learns paint, it is best to put him in a high chair and offer to draw directly on the attached plastic table. Many mothers advise to arrange games with paints in the bathroom. Tile, bath and the artist himself can be washed immediately.
Felt-tip pens and crayons are best to draw on large sheets of paper spread out on the floor. Very convenient to use cheap wallpaper. After two years, move from boundless rolls to A3 sheets, so that the child has an idea of the composition. It is useful to offer paper from time to time in different shades and textures, but still most children prefer plain white paper as the main material. At a certain stage, all the children draw on the wallpaper. It's no use fighting it. It is better for the time of the "rock painting" period to wall the walls in the children's sheets of Whatman.