Activity, pressure, huge risk, but also a lot of money - this is the trend of today. How, you have never been on downhill skiing? Did not jump with a parachute? Did not engage in battle without rules for the chief's chair? Sometimes it seems that a negative answer to these questions can cast doubt on our very right to be called a person - a bright and brave, worthy of admiration and the notorious glass of sparkling wine.
Risk is an acute seasoning for a quiet life. So the psychologists say. When everything is relatively safe, there is a fashion for extreme. But by nature, brave people have a great risk appetite, because for them, danger and excitement are positive categories. However, not all of this style of behavior is close. Many copy offensive tactics, as well as extreme hobbies, to prove their steepness.
Add pepper?
According to psychologists, being risky does not always mean being bold and strong. Often, the desire for thrill is the discontent with yourself or the desire to hide from the problems. Do not forget that often adrenaline addiction is the so-called post-traumatic syndrome. A typical example is the search for thrills by servicemen returning from "hot spots". Therefore, when a normal person who does not fall into serious trouble does not think his existence without any kind of extreme, it is possible that he has a serious internal discord.
Theory of relativity
Risk is a relative concept. For someone to take a loan a hundred thousand dollars - a common thing, and someone is afraid to dye their hair. Most often, the risk is defined as an action at random, in the hope of success and the possibility of a happy outcome. The psychologist at the Center for Technology Research in Stuttgart, Ortwin Renn, identifies four main risk images, varying in the degree of the real threat. If you can not decide on this or that act, try to assess the degree of danger on this scale.
1. DAMOKLOV THE SWORD
Put simply, the pan or disappeared. The risk acquires the power of fate, the consequences of which are unpredictable. And there is no time to cope with the danger.
WHO DOES NOT AFFECT. Paradoxical as it may seem, extremely indecisive people. As pre-emptive measures were not taken (afraid to talk to someone or contact a doctor), the situation got out of control.
2. PANDORA'S BOX
Doubtful dating, super-earnings on the Net, ill-considered trips and other adventures. And although the effect is usually remote in time, the risk poses a threat to health.
WHO DOES NOT AFFECT. To Thomas the Unbeliever. It is better to learn about such things from others than to experience yourself.
3. WEIGHTS ATHENS
Another type of risk can be called 50 to 50. Risks can be calculated and even make up a balance of dividends and losses. This is useful not only when calculating finances, but also quite applicable to situations of psychological risk. For example: "Tomorrow at the meeting, I will criticize the project N. Possible costs - to spoil relations with Mr. A and Mrs. V. Possible dividends: Mr. C and Mr. D will support my project."
WHO DOES NOT AFFECT. If you carefully think through the tactics, the probability of an unfavorable outcome is small. As for costs, then you have already prepared for them mentally.
4. FEATURES OF HERCULES
There is no danger per se. But there is a desire to experience the thrill. This type of risk includes all types of leisure, which require experience and skill to overcome critical situations. Such risks are always voluntary.
WHO DOES NOT AFFECT. Unless the amateurs overestimate their capabilities.
Hush ...
The degree of our propensity to risk as a character trait depends on the temperament, which at one time is made up of mental characteristics (mental mobility and poise). So, the choleric in a dangerous situation feels like a fish in the water, and this helps him to implement the most daring projects. However, he is willing to risk unjustified, for example, when disassembling his wife, jumps in the middle of the night into the car and rushes to where the eyes are looking. But an active, but fairly balanced sanguine person will not seek adventure from grief: he, if at risk, for the sake of a sense of completeness of life. For phlegmatic and do not worry: they prefer dosed adrenaline. But a sensitive and unstable melancholic avoids even the smell of risk. It is useless to draw a melancholic into adventures that are dubious from his point of view. At first, it will be long to weigh all the pros and cons, then suffer, eventually refuse and in addition begin to reproach themselves for cowardice
Temperament is the boundaries set by nature, and it is pointless to argue with this. A person engaged in struggle with his psyche will not come to anything good. In addition, determination and courage are not necessary everywhere and not always.
A noble cause?
"Weighted risk is the most commendable side of human prudence," said George Savile Halifax, an Englishman, a 17th-century political figure. And although suspiciousness and indecision can be a very useful resource, it is not worth making these qualities your life motto. After all, sometimes you need to take risks. Of course, this does not mean that you have to force yourself to jump with a parachute or climb a steep rock. It's about the risk of a psychological nature, that is, about making decisions in situations, the outcome of which we do not know for certain. These are exams, job interviews, acquaintance with the parents of a loved one, and an explanation with a girlfriend, and the decision to finally get out of the shadows and declare yourself. Of course, you can never do anything and console yourself with something that did not hurt and you wanted. However, it is important to realize that behind this "I do not want to" often hides "I can not".
To separate the unnecessary bravado from the necessary determination, psychologists advise to answer two questions: "What do I risk?" And "For the sake of what?" After all, according to Friedrich Nietzsche, when you know for sure why, you can stand any how.
By the way, the validity of this aphorism is confirmed by scientists. Psychologist, professor of the Medical Center in Cleveland (USA), Marvin Zuckerman, as a result of many years of research, came to the conclusion that all of us, regardless of temperament and personal preferences, are more prone to risk in conditions of arbitrary actions (when we determine the situation) than when the rules of the game are imposed by circumstances. Only the outburst of one's own idea and the decision taken by oneself, induce bold, even risky acts. Since in this case a person seeks to test his strength and realize all his plans and plans.
Inclination towards risk as a character trait in a person may not be. But this does not mean that under certain circumstances he will not be able to take decisive action. Courage and a propensity for risk is not an end in itself, but a means of achieving success. However, the chances of a favorable outcome depend not only on our willingness to take risks. Equally important are motivation, composure and organization. By the way, real athletes, extremals never forget this. Therefore, before setting daring targets or experiencing yourself in extreme situations, listen to the voice of reason. And do not neglect your intuition. After all, it is nothing but the unconscious repository of our deep knowledge and experience.