Children, having come to a kindergarten, always undergo a period of adaptation. But for each child the period of adaptation is individual. There are problems of adapting children to kindergarten and there are quite a few of them. If the child has not adapted to the kindergarten within a year, it is a signal for the parents that the baby is not all right and needs the help of a psychologist. Each child reacts differently to an unfamiliar situation, but there are commonalities.
Problems of adaptation of children to kindergarten
It is not easy to get used to the new situation by the only family in the family, especially those who are overprotected, who are accustomed to special attention.
Worst of all feel in the kindergarten are those children who have a phlegmatic temperament. They do not keep up with the pace of life in kindergarten. They slowly dress, gather on the street, eat. But if the teacher does not understand these children and starts to spur them on, and the emotional stress at the same time acts so that the children become even more inhibited, become indifferent and even more sluggish.
In case parents have noticed that their child has an adaptation of the problem, then it is worthwhile to talk with the tutor. The educator in this case should be more attentive to be such a kid, watch out so that other children will not tease him. It is necessary to know that exactingness unnecessary to such a child will only hamper the child even more.
The children who have conflicts in their families, where parents do not communicate with children, are more difficult to adapt to the kindergarten. Children learn the involuntary bad behavior of parents and this complicates their relationships with their peers. Such children are usually aggressive. If the baby suffers from nervous disorders, it is necessary to give it to the kindergarten not earlier than three years.
Observations of children during adaptation to kindergarten have shown that there are shifts in the child's body, in its functional state, which are accompanied by a strong change in behavior and mood and other clinical manifestations. The majority of children have a reaction of protest or "biological caution". They can be expressed in the form of fear, crying, negativism, general inhibition or aggressive actions. Sometimes, verbal activity and contact with children are reduced until they disappear. Children lose some of the skills they acquired earlier. Some people experience sleep disorders, and appetite decreases.
In some cases, there is a delay in the physical and neuro-psychological development of children. You can not judge the mental abilities of the baby in the first week of stay in the kindergarten. There are somatic changes in the intensification of skin pallor, in weight loss, in the increase in heart rate.
In children with borderline conditions and children who often get sick, the adaptation period can be accompanied by the following manifestations of disorders: enuresis (urinary incontinence), exacerbations of skin rashes, disorders of stool, encopresis (incontinence of stool).
Rules and activities to facilitate the adaptation of children to kindergarten
First of all, parents should constantly ask the educator about the behavior of their child. It is also necessary to talk with the child. When changes in the behavior of the child, it is necessary to take any measures.
When organizing the regime of children entering the garden, special measures and generally accepted rules should be observed. They are designed for the period of adaptation to alleviate the condition of children who are often ill with certain borderline conditions. Admission of the child to a kindergarten should be conducted with a pedagogue and pediatrician. When examining the baby, information on behavior and health condition, an anamnesis of a child's life is collected. If necessary, other additional measures are also appointed.
There are also rules in the period of adaptation of the child's guidance. This is the shortened time of finding a child. Depending on the behavior of the baby, the time gradually increases. For the baby, the usual methods of upbringing are preserved. This is feeding, sleeping, etc. Allowed the child free time wakefulness (to participate in classes or not, play alone or with everyone, etc.). Special events are scheduled that are designed to facilitate adaptation in children who are often sick.
The period of adaptation of kiddies to a kindergarten largely depends on the experience of the teacher, on the preparation of the child for this event by parents, on the individual characteristics of the child.