If for the first time the days of life your baby was with a big head, a small body and long limbs, then by the year everything had come back to normal:
- the circumference of the head became smaller than the circumference of the breast (and it is generally assumed that this difference should be approximately equal to the age of the child). For example, if the child is 1 year old, then the circumference of the chest by 1 cm should be greater than the circumference of the head, if 2 to 2 cm, and so on;
- the shape of the head also changes and the facial part already predominates over the brain;
- limbs become more proportional to the trunk.
In addition, in the first year of life the first teeth are cut through the child, and by the year their number reaches 12 (usually 8 incisors and 4 molars). In addition to breast milk, a year the child has already tried a lot - it's vegetables, fruits, porridges, and meat. His diet is becoming more diverse, and he has already formed his own taste and preferences. Many parents keep diaries of the first year of their children's lives, where they write monthly increases in weight, in growth, and in general everything new that has appeared in the child (this is the reaction to the introduction of complementary foods, and the time of teething, and the first sounds and words that said crumbs , etc.).
So what should a child be able to do in a year? But immediately I want to make a reservation that these average indicators for full-term children and all babies develop only by their biological clock and can catch up with other children for literally within a month.
1. Get up without help on the legs. The majority of children aged 8-9 months can stand up by themselves at the pedestal and are already trying to walk along the wall, by the year, as a rule, babies calmly get up and without support, from an even surface, leaning on it.
2. Independent walking. At the end of the first, beginning of the second year, the baby learns to walk independently, many children, having mastered walking, still prefer crawling. The methods of crawling are also improving, it's not just a way of moving, but mastering certain skills, they include turns of the head and pelvis, and the trunk, and shoulders. Crawling is also very important in the development of the child and should not miss this stage, because "for four" your baby is much more comfortable and "more stable" than balancing on two legs. Do not rush your crumb, let it get stronger and gain confidence in yourself, you only need one thing - to have patience and encouraging smiles. In addition, if even the baby is already walking, then do not overload it, because of excessive loads, there may be a curvature of the legs, and from constant falls, which no child can do without, there will be a fear of walking.
With age, the walking of your crumbs will all be improved, if the first steps of the babies are usually done by side steps, with legs and arms wide apart, in the future he will start to move in a new way: by bending the handles in the elbows and pressing them to the trunk, and raising the legs in the knees. The walking will become more maneuverable, your kid will not only be able to move purposefully forward, but also go forward with his back and turn, towards the toy that so interested him, and you do not have time to look back, how your little one will not only walk, but also run, and climb and descend the stairs.
Do not forget about safety. At the first attempts to make the first steps, you need to remove all the toys that lie on the floor. If possible, remove the corner objects or isolate them using silicone corner fixers. The surface of the floor must be level.
3. The child should have an idea of the pot. Just want to make a reservation, it is to have an idea of the pot, and do not necessarily ask for it yourself, for this it is still too small, but it will not take very long, and he will ask for it himself. When the child is taught to "night vase", do not make your crumb sit for hours on it, the first attempts to plant it on the pot should be started after sleeping, or about an hour after eating, remember that the baby empties at about the same time . If your child resists, then do not force him, otherwise he will start to perceive the "pot" as a place for punishment, remember that any innovations should cause positive emotions in your crumbs. At the first successes it is necessary to encourage your crumb, for it is so important for him to know that his parents are proud of him and that he did everything right. Only positive emotions and patience can turn mountains in this difficult, but necessary business. In no case should a catastrophe be arranged, if suddenly the baby has wet his pants, but to show that you do not like them, you need, but in a softer form, without screaming and blaming.
4. Repeat some adult movements. Children at this age like sponges absorb all the information, they are willing to play hands and in Soroka-Beloboku, they can put one cube on another, as parents show.
5. Your baby should be able to drink from the cup without your help. Usually, the children are very curious and try to imitate the adults in everything, and, of course, they want to learn everything themselves quickly. The first attempts to get drunk on their own, as usual, end with a banal pouring of everyone and everything, so be patient and dry clothes.
6. Know and show all members of your family. Usually one-year-olds already remember a lot and reluctantly communicate with nurses and doctors who once hurt them because of their specialty. But people they see often, who live and play with them, they remember and love well, that's why they treat their father and mother and Sasha with their soup with pleasure; turn to them when asked to show where the mother or father is.
7. Understand and fulfill the simple requirements of parents. This is also one of the factors that a child should be able to do in a year.
8. Pronounce simple words. Starting from the age of six months, many babies already say such long-awaited and beloved words as Mom and Dad. And the older, the wider and wider their vocabulary becomes. In a year the child usually has up to 30 words in his everyday life, this is Mom, Dad, and drink, and it is necessary, and there is, meow, and wow ... .. the more you communicate with the child, the more you expand his vocabulary . Teach your child to listen to the sounds of nature, because they are so diverse and interesting.
But do not forget that each child is individual and should not be equal to the average. Remember - your child is the smartest, the most beloved!