So, in order to teach the child, to find out which time it will take a big toy watch. To start the child you need to get acquainted with the arrows, because they show the time. It should be told that a small arrow shows what time it is, and a large number of minutes, besides, the big one moves much faster than a small one.
Now the most important thing begins. The child needs to be told how to determine the time. As a rule, this training should begin with 4.5 years. The division of time into minutes should not be mentioned, it is necessary to emphasize the figures. In this case, for example, you need to start digitizing two, if the arrow has moved from this number, then a little more than two and takdale. Do not rush to explain the meaning of the child to the minutes, this should be done at an older age.
For greater clarity, you can draw a picture with a large clock, and highlight a certain number on it. For example, the time of lifting, lunch or walk. To begin with, you can focus the child's attention on three or four significant events. The most important thing is that they all occur at the same time. At first, time can be defined by words understandable to the child, for example, "before lunch" or "last-minute sleep."
After the kid learns to distinguish time clockwise, then you can continue training. It is necessary to add the same picture to the events with more exact time and to report about this child. Every time this event occurs, ask questions related to time, for example, at what time it goes for a walk or when you need to clean your teeth, etc. The learning process should take place in a game form, the child needs to be interested.
To start learning, you need to use the hours that are made by yourself, you can involve the child in the manufacturing process. On the dial it is necessary to designate the numbers, the minute divisions are best not to be made and the arrows are sufficient only for an hour.
The kid should be explained that the arrow, which shows the hour, is called - "hour".
Initially, time can be divided into beginnings, for example, twelve hours, a little more than twelve, when the arrow is halfway between twelve and one o'clock, you can say half of the first, then about an hour and exactly one hour and on the same principle with the remaining figures.
Also, you need to indicate the direction of movement of the arrow and give the child the opportunity to independently turn the arrow.
It is necessary to show how the arrow moves and that it moves from one digit to another in an hour. You can ask the child a question, for example, if the arrow stands at twelve, where it moves within an hour or vice versa, ask to move the arrow to the back.
After the kid learns to handle with the hour hand, you can add a minute. It is necessary to tell that the minute hand is longer and moves faster than the hour hand.
- the child must distinguish between the hour and the minute hand;
- he must distinguish between the size of the arrows.
Explain the child poselenstrelok at this or that time. It should be noted that when a small one shoots on some number and shows an even value, the big one will always be twelve. In addition, it must be separately explained that when the hour hand moves from one digit to another, then the big one circulates a lot. It is necessary to ask the child questions so that he sets the time on the clock.
As soon as it is clear with equal values, then it is necessary to puzzle the kid with a question, for example, where the dudu shoots the time half past one, if he can not put the arrows in the right position, he needs help.
Since you have already explained a lot, the foal can set the time, you can ask to put time on toy hours, like real ones. Further it is necessary to introduce new concepts and complicate assignments. For example, set the time exactly for a certain hour, and then:
- ask to move the arrows for half an hour ahead;
- for an hour and another half an hour ahead, while we can say that an hour and a half will pass;
- for two hours, etc.
- ask to translate the arrows an hour and a half ago;
- two hours ago, etc.
You can draw a watch that has a certain time, and then ask the child to say:
- there was so much time, but there was so much, how much time passed
- which now hour etc. is.
Then you need to learn more in detail. To begin with, it must be said that the interval from one digit to another is five minutes. And there are sixty on the dial. As soon as the baby concept of minutes, you can give the task. For example, to make the child translate a minute hand for five or ten minutes in advance. It should be explained that half an hour is equal to thirty minutes or half of a circle. After the child has mastered the movement of the minute hand forward, you can ask him to do the same in the opposite direction.
It is necessary to tell the child that fifteen minutes is called a quarter of an hour, and they make up half of the semicircle. Well, when all this is mastered, you can show the child that the one-minute division is one minute, then explain in which position the minute hand is, if it shows, for example, seven minutes, twelve minutes, etc.
Next, you need to talk about the ways in which you can tell the time. If the minute hand has not yet reached the mark at thirty minutes, for example, if the minute hand shows twenty-three minutes, and the hour hand is between the numbers ten and eleven, then it should be said: "ten twenty-three minutes", and in another "twenty-three minutes the twentieth." Time is one and the same, but you can say in different ways. It is necessary to teach the child to communicate time in both ways. In addition, you need to explain that the value of the hour hand is written in large numbers, and the minute value is marked next to, but in smaller digits. You can show an example of writing these values.
In addition, when the arrow crosses the value of half an hour, the time is called already differently, but the methods are still the two. The kid also needs to learn them. Disassemble these methods also need specific examples. Then you can set the digits on the clock, and the child should know what time the arrows show. It is important that the baby can name the time shown on the clock in two ways, for better memorization they can alternate. If he finds it difficult, then he should be prompted.
It must be remembered that the attention of the child should be translated from toy hours to real ones. As soon as he has mastered something new, you need to ask him to repeat the same thing with real clocks. It is important to ask how much time the clock shows now. You can ask to put the arrows on the toy watch in the same position as they are on the real ones. After the child sets the hands of the clock in this position, you can ask where the arrows will be after a certain period of time, for example, after half an hour or an hour, etc.
It is necessary to try to explain to the child what time important events take place for him so that he learns the meaning of time.
Do not need to put too much pressure on the child. As practice shows, people understand what the time interval means only when they grow up.