Many parents at birth premature toddler are shocked, they have a fear for their child. And everyone is interested in the question of how the development of the premature baby should be carried out by months. After all, these kids require special care and attention. The most important for premature babies is the first year of life, in which they intensively gain weight.
Which child is considered premature
The baby is premature, which appeared from the 21st to the 36th week of pregnancy, with a weight of no more than 2500 grams and a height of 46-47 cm. Compared to conventional babies, the premature baby is weaker and their development is also different from babies , born on time. According to physical indications, a preterm child in development "catches up" with an ordinary baby from year to three, unless he is sick.
How a premature baby develops by month
In the first month of life, preterm infants have an increased risk of developing various infectious diseases that can occur with complications. In weight for the first month after birth, the child is gaining very little. With good development, the baby should have a sucking-swallowing reflex. It is not rare, if this reflex is not yet available, such babies are fed through a probe. In such children, with a body weight of less than 3 kg, the nervous system is not stable and this condition can be held for up to 4 months. While the baby does not learn to breathe on its own, artificial oxygen supply is necessary. It is necessary at this time to especially contact the mother with the baby, to maintain a voice and tactile contact.
A premature baby begins to gain weight in the second month of life. This is evidenced by its good development. The head can not be raised by such kids, as opposed to full-term children. During feeding, children in the second month of life are very tired, they need to be supplemented with breast expressed milk. To feed the child during this period is necessary quite often.
In the third month, a premature baby weighs 1.5 times. The child is quite sensitive to touch, although it can not smile yet. For such children it is very important to maintain the temperature regime. The room temperature should be about 24 degrees. The baby should be warmly dressed. In the room where the child is, bright light should not be. Moments of wakefulness in this period of life are still quite short, the child almost all the time sleeps, but it is important to change the position of the baby's body.
Raise and hold the head of premature babies begin in the fourth month. He begins to make sounds and fix his eyes. At this time, you can begin to do a baby a light massage. For the child are recommended: water procedures, hovering on the hands, air baths.
It is very important for parents to know how the baby develops by months, in order to monitor its development. In the fifth month, premature babies are already trying to play, smile, some even grab hold of the toys.
By the age of six months, a premature baby increases its initial weight 2-2.5 times, develops rapidly psycho-emotional. The kid at this age already turns his head, plays with toys, reacts to sound sources. At this age the child in development begins to approach the development of an ordinary baby. Some children already distinguish their loved ones from strangers.
On the seventh month after birth, the baby can turn over from the abdomen on the back, plays more actively.
In the eighth month the child easily turns over, active walking starts. He already has an imitation of crawling - rises to all fours and swings. Baby can already eat from a spoon.
Already on the 9th month of life the kid himself actively plays with toys, begins to stand on the legs, holding onto the barrier, with the supporting arm sits alone on his side. During feeding, he tries to pull pieces of food into his mouth.
At the 10th month, a premature baby can go up with support to his feet, speak various sounds well, closely observe moving objects.
At the 11th month the child becomes even more active, reacts to his name, crawls or moves in a plastunist manner.
Already by the year, children are significantly catching up with full-term children in development, they begin to pronounce syllables. But it is impossible to rush things to parents (it's too early to put on legs), the baby should develop gradually, depending on individual qualities.