With the advent of methods of early development at the end of the last century, the question of teaching all sorts of wisdom becomes relevant almost from the first day of the emergence of crumbs to light. But we will not go to extremes, go too far, and in general - "rape" the child with letters and figures, we will try to create all the conditions for a natural and pleasant intellectual development, and start with a few important rules that will help make classes with the baby's baby pleasant and Innovative methods of comprehensive development of the child - the subject of the article.
Do no harm!
This is the main rule of any manipulation performed on your own, dearly beloved child. The question is, what's wrong with intellectual development, only one good benefit. It was not there. Contrary to your desire to become the parents of the new Mozart or Sophia Kovalevskaya, the child (and what nature has embodied in it) may have his own views on this.
♦ The child should be ready to learn - do not resist lessons, gladly absorb new information exactly to the extent that he is ready to learn it.
♦ It makes no sense to start training on the background of ill health or any distortions, changes and stresses in the life of the child (violation of the daily routine, introduction of complementary foods, moving, weaning).
♦ Lessons with a baby should be built in the form of a game, do not last too long (the first classes can last 30 seconds, gradually increasing the duration to 1-2 minutes).
♦ If you encounter resistance from the child, do not insist and force him to do it.
Methodology of Masaru Ibuki
The technique of this innovator (not a psychologist, not a teacher, but the founder of the Sony Corporation and the father of the child, the patient with cerebral palsy) is based on the motto "After three it's too late". This is the name of the book of the famous Japanese, who blew up all the existing ideas about the upbringing of children in the 1970s. The author insists that up to three years the human brain is experiencing a bright and unique stage of development: during this period up to 70-80% of neural connections between brain cells are formed. At the same time, 90% of such intensive work falls on the first year of the child's life. What is the training? In that, you offer the child to study a completely different science. Masaru Ibuka believed that "algebra for a child is not at all more difficult than arithmetic," that is, the inquisitive mind of a child is capable of absorbing huge amounts of information, despite the seeming complexity, while the author of the technique insisted on working with almost the original sources. crumbs, do not try to pack it into your "limited" ideas, refer to the original sources - all the treasures of the world civilization. Let the child at the earliest age see the pictures of great artists, hear the works of great musicians, fall in love with the poems of great poets. A great accent in the technique of Masaru Ibuki is done on the study of foreign languages and music. Ibuka believed that an early acquaintance with music makes kids not only developed over the years, but also teaches them to concentrate, to be in harmony with themselves and the world around them. Through the study of music at an early age, the kid will later easily be able to cope with all other sciences. Great importance was attached to the physical development of the child. Masaru Ibuka believed that children from birth should be taught to swim, as soon as they stand on their feet - skate. So in children, the coordination of movements develops faster and better, the body and the muscular skeleton are formed.
The methodology of Nikolai Zaitsev
Why teach to read and count a child who does not yet know how to speak? In order that by the time of conscious speaking he already knew all this. The young geeks are brought up by the technique of the now well-known Russian teacher-innovator Nikolai Zaitsev. Zaitsev's technique is based on working with cubes with syllables and wall tables. The child learns to add words from syllables, still not being able to speak. In this case, the cubes differ from each other in sound filling, so that the process of remembering the "incomprehensible" for the child's warehouses is facilitated.To the set of cubes are attached tables on the wall, with which it is necessary to work daily (show crumbs of warehouses and voice them) and a cassette or disk with the same syllables sung by the motif of famous children's songs.This also contributes to quick and easy memorization.The technique gives an excellent result, and is accepted as a way of teaching reading in some kindergartens. English and English syllables.
The Glen Doman Method
This technique was originally developed for children with impaired brain development. In view of the success of the system, it has also been applied to healthy children. Its author, physician-neurophysiologist Glen Doman, believed that by influencing one of the human senses, one can stimulate the development of the entire brain as a whole. So, showing the child daily special cards (for example, 10 cards for 10 seconds), the doctor achieved amazing results - toddlers who lagged behind in development, by 2-3 years were catching up with their healthy coevals. Cards can be made by themselves (on a white background in a red large font different words are written), but it is possible, and to buy, it is painfully laborious this invention - to do them yourself. The cards are shown by thematic blocks (for example, birds or objects of the interior). Some are accompanied by pictures.
Technique Cecil Lupan
Having tried on her daughters the technique of Glen Doman, the actress and mother Cecil Lupan decided to modernize it a little. So her own early learning system was born. Cecil Lupan believed that the first 12 months of a child are very important for his development, during this time, confidence in the goodwill of the world is formed, all five feelings develop, the motor activity of the child. It should be used every minute for the benefit of developing crumbs. More often wear it on your hands (this stimulates tactile sensations), talk more with it, sing songs, tell poems, pick up toys from different materials (develops small motor skills). As a teaching material Lupan used self-made thematic encyclopedias. Such encyclopedias can be bought today, but you can do it yourself. So, collect clippings from different magazines, old books, illustrations from the Internet, dedicated to one topic (for example, birds or transport). Take an album for drawing, paste one image on each page, and under it write the name in large block capitals. The requirements for illustrations are as follows: they should be as real and clear as possible, it is desirable that there are no unnecessary details in the photo, so as not to create confusion in the child.
Methodology by Maria Montessori
This is probably the most popular technique among teachers of kindergartens and early development centers. The didactic material for this training system can be easily found in almost any toy store. This is all sorts of frames-liners and laces. In addition, a huge amount of love among adults and children (though older) is used by various games for the development of fine motor skills (sorting and sorting different sizes of beans and cereals, for example). Maria Montessori believed that adults need to strongly encourage the child to take independent action. It's not for nothing that the most famous book by this author is called "Help me do it myself." How can you apply this system to teaching kids for up to a year? Stimulate any attempts by the child to learn something, learn, pick toys for the child from different materials, giving the crumb the opportunity to touch to make sure, for example, how silk and rough woolen cloth are different, when the baby learns to sit confidently and begins to play with pyramids and cubes (starting from 7-8 months), give him plastic cups size, let them try to put them one into another, simultaneously mastering the concepts of "more-less." Giving crumbs the opportunity to appreciate the difference between, for example, beans and peas, do not leave a small researcher alone with your treasures - he can swallow them or put them into a spout.
The technique of Maria Gmoshinskaya
This technique is designed not so much to teach the child how to draw, how much for the overall development of the baby. Working handles, baby activates the nerve endings on the fingers, which in turn affects the development of the brain as a whole. You can start drawing from about 6 months, when the kid learns to sit confidently. Take a large sheet of Whatman, sit him on the child and show him how you can draw. Namely - to dip your fingers, and even the whole pen into the paint and drive along a piece of paper. You can draw with both left and right hand. In general, try not to limit the child to his ideas about "correct drawing", believe me, by the level of non-stamping and creativity of thinking, children will give a head start to any adult, by the way, you can draw not only with your hands, but with legs and other parts of your body. toxic, hypoallergenic, suitable for infants (they are sold in children's toys and creative goods stores.) Be prepared for the fact that the baby will not only spill himself, but also "paint" everything around.
Year of discoveries
The first year of a child's life is an amazing time for the development of crumbs. Never again in life a kid will not experience a period of such rapid growth. It develops by leaps and bounds in several directions simultaneously: intellectually, emotionally, physically. This is well known to pediatricians and educators. Therefore, we recommend not to miss a single day. Use these 12 months to help the kid cope with the stress of being born, and also learn a lot of new, amazing. And remember that the most important lesson for crumbs now is to learn that you love it.