Despite the frequent crying, whims and scandals, the child gradually gets rid of the former egocentrism, knows what can and can not, and understands when it is praised or reproached. What should be the correct development of the child in preschool age, learn in the article on the topic "Development of the personality of the child in preschool age."
Physical and sensorimotor development
In comparison with the previous stages, the growth rate is slowing down. In the third year of life, the weight of a child is increased by 2.3 kg, height - by 9 cm; after reaching 4 years, the weight increases by 2 kg, height - by 2 cm Addition becomes more athletic, figure - slender. At this age, boys are usually taller and heavier than girls. Boys have more muscle mass, girls have more adipose tissue. These physical changes, along with the development of the brain and the nervous system, stimulate motility (develop long and short muscles). Thanks to the developed circulatory and respiratory systems, the child has large reserves of energy, and together with the mature immune system they serve as a guarantee of health and vivacity. At this stage of development, children often suffer from such diseases as allergies and recurrent infections. By about 3 years it becomes clear that a right-handed child or a left-handed, but definitively this is determined only by 5 years. It is important to respect the choice of the child and never to correct it, convincing to act "as expected": the child should behave in accordance with the natural process of brain development.
Mental and mental development
The child has an idea of the symbols (speaks and tries to write). He understands the relationship between cause and effect. Increases the emotionality in the personality of the child. The ability to handle numbers is developing. The child fantasizes, sometimes with difficulty distinguishing fiction from reality. He still can not keep several thoughts in his head, so sometimes he draws illogical conclusions and does not understand that one result can be reached in several ways.
Social development
The character and self-esteem in the personality of the child in the preschool age become more pronounced. The child has increased opportunities to experience and express emotions. He distinguishes between social and cultural aspects associated with women or men. The child begins to communicate with his brothers and sisters. Parents should contribute to their affection, mutual respect and tolerance, and in no case do comparison, offensive to any of the children. At about 3 years of age, the child has his first friends. He learns to maintain friendly relations, getting to know and communicating with other children. The development of speech and the personality of the child stimulates logical thinking, as a result, speech is used optimally. At this age, children are able to talk about things they do not see directly in front of them - remembering the past, making plans for the future, talking about imaginary subjects, using the plural and the past tense.
At preschool age 3-5 years, children usually learn a few new words a day, but do not always use them as adults: for example, the word "tomorrow" a child can designate any time in the future. At this age, children build sentences on average of 4-5 words. Many children at this age talk to themselves and do not show the slightest desire to communicate with other people. But be vigilant: if this habit does not disappear with time, it can become a cause for concern. In the first years of life, children hear a lot of verbal orders, orders, prohibitions, so it is not surprising that with time they themselves begin to use them. 4-year-old children experience the power of words: they command others, especially younger children. It is important to understand that this is only a transitional stage, which contributes to the development of the character. At about 3 years of age, the child feels the need to know the names of objects and understand how they are arranged. The period of incessant "why?" Begins. Parents should not be irritated. It is much more useful to give short and simple answers that a child can understand without losing the desire to learn. The beginning of this stage is a sure sign that the child is developing. Now we know how the development of the personality of the child occurs in the preschool age.