Every loving mother even before the birth of the baby manages to re-read the mountain of literature devoted to the care and development of crumbs. And not only to study it carefully, but also to successfully implement all the principles that seem reasonable to it. But the kid is growing rapidly, his cognitive activity is increasing, he starts interacting with other people, and that's when parents face the first problems of education. And although the literature on this topic is also more than enough, most often the principles described in it, few people manage to apply in everyday life. But it is in the early preschool age that parents lay the foundation for the future moral appearance of their offspring, give basic concepts of what is good and what is bad. How can we make sure that the crumbs form stable moral principles that do not depend on external factors?
First of all, it should be said that if up to 2-3 years, most of the actions of crumbs were unconscious, then reaching this age, the kids learn to act consciously, arbitrarily. And arbitrariness is the fundamental principle of any moral act. In addition, at this age, the child begins to form the first idea of what is good and what is bad. How does this happen? Since the kid always interacts with different people, in the process of communication, on the examples of simple life situations, he learns that for him it is characterized by the concepts "good" and "evil". Help in this and fairy tales, cartoons, movies.In addition, the toddler always actively observes the behavior of adults around him. Their mutual relations with each other and their attitude towards the child are a vivid example of "social learning", thanks to which the child develops the first stereotypes of moral behavior.
But to know the moral standards and observe their observance from the outside is one thing, but to achieve their observance from a 3-4 year old kid is another. The most common method that parents use is external control. Through punishments and encouragements, the child is trying to show how to act, and how not. At this age for children, as for no one else, it is important to approve and love adults, which he seeks to deserve in any accessible way.
Yes, this approach is effective, but only at an early age, when an adult can exercise constant control over the activity of crumbs, and his authority is untouchable. As soon as the baby grows up and the parental control weakens, the child may not have the inner motivation to do moral deeds.
How to bring up these motives, which will not depend on parental control and would be the child's own motivations to behave correctly, show compassion, compassion, honesty and stand for justice not only for oneself?
A more effective method is to work out in the game form ambiguous situations in which the child is asked to first show certain moral qualities, and then monitor their manifestation in someone else in the same situation.
It's very easy for a kid to do the right thing when there is someone nearby who will control him, but as soon as the control disappears, the motivation disappears. Finding himself in the role of a controller and remembering how they acted, the crumbs are very surprised and proud of the trust they are given and try to justify it at any price. This leads to the formation in children of their positive moral perception, which can become an internal motive that controls his behavior.
In addition, parents should remember that a great positive effect on the child is provided by situations in which instead of punishment for misconduct, the reasoned forgiveness should be given. Of course, this does not apply to everything in a row, but on several examples it is possible to show the kid that a mistake is not always followed by a blunder. This can encourage him to strive to ensure that the oversight was as small as possible. And, of course, we should not forget that it is only the same parents who are able to bring up a truly moral child by means of close emotional and positive communication, which every day forms in the crumb the confidence in the world, a positive attitude towards oneself and others, and the desire to preserve its positive image in the eyes of people. These are the motives of true morality.